Liver Disease: Causes, Symptoms, Prevention & Treatment

Liver Disease

The liver is the largest internal organ present in our body. It produces proteins, stores and metabolizes nutrients and detoxifies blood by removing alcohol, medications, harmful chemicals etc. from the bloodstream. Hepatitis and Cirrhosis are the most common liver diseases.

Causes of Liver diseases

•          Infection from the blood transfusion
•          Infection from intravenous drugs
•          Risky sexual behaviour
•          Contaminated food and water
•          The overdose of certain medications
•          Consumption of shellfish from a polluted water body
•         Recent travel to a country that has the high rate of hepatitis infections

Hepatitis

Hepatitis is caused by an infectious virus and excessive use of alcohol and drugs.         

• Hepatitis A – It is most common Hepatitis that spreads from contaminated water and food. It spreads from one person to another.
•  Hepatitis B – This is acquired through semen, vaginal fluids, infected blood, from mother to newborn, infected needles that are used for ear-piercing, tattooing etc.         
• Hepatitis C – Acquired by infected blood products and direct blood to blood contacts       
• Hepatitis D – Blood transfusion and infected needles lead to Hepatitis D. This disease affects mostly those individuals who are suffering from Hepatitis B.

Symptoms of Hepatitis

•          Tiredness
•          Nausea
•          Loss of Appetite
•          Pain on the right side of the abdomen
•          Jaundice

Treatment of Hepatitis

•          Medication
•          Maintaining hygiene like the washing of hands etc.
•          Adequate intake of calories
•          Plenty of fluids
•         Hospitalization if a patient is not able to eat or drink properly

Cirrhosis

Cirrhosis is caused when proper functioning of the liver gets affected due to permanent scar caused by other forms of liver diseases when they reach their final stage. It also gets caused by chronic infection, Hepatitis C virus, due to side effects of certain medications, inherited disorder of copper and iron metabolism.

Symptoms of Cirrhosis

•          Itching
•          Pain
•          Weight Loss
•         Intestinal Bleeding
•          Nausea
•          Vomiting
•          Weakness
•          Easy bruising of skin / small spider-like red blood vessels
•          Fluid accumulation leading to swelling in legs and abdomen
•          Jaundice

Treatment of Cirrhosis

•          Restricting salt to fight fluid retention
•          Diuretic medications/water pills to get rid of excess water in the body
•          Supplements of Vitamin K A D
•          Laxatives to remove toxins
•          Liver transplant in extreme conditions

Prevention of Liver disease

•          Keep ideal body weight
•          Practice good hygiene habits
•          Avoid overdose of medication
•          Get vaccinated against Hepatitis
•          Refrain from Alcohol and drug abuse
•          The balanced diet and active lifestyle

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Also Read About: Liver Transplant: Symptoms and Treatment